AN ISM-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE DEBRIEFING IN NURSING EDUCATION

Abstract

This study investigates the critical factors influencing the effectiveness of debriefing in nursing education and proposes a structured Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)-based framework to enhance the debriefing process in simulation-based learning. Through an extensive literature review, five key factors were identified: educator preparation, feedback quality, psychological safety, learner engagement, and institutional support. Using the Structural Self-Interaction Matrix (SSIM) and Reachability Matrix, the interrelationships between these factors were mapped, leading to the development of a hierarchical model. Findings reveal that educator preparation and psychological safety are pivotal in fostering an effective debriefing environment, while institutional support, although influential, plays a more indirect role. This ISM-based framework offers nursing educators a comprehensive tool for understanding the dynamic relationships between these factors and improving debriefing quality. The study provides actionable recommendations for enhancing educator training, promoting psychological safety, and strengthening institutional support, ultimately contributing to more effective debriefing practices and improved learning outcomes in nursing education.